Add CrownProfile class

[davidorme]

Description

This PR:

• Adds the CrownProfile class, which takes:
  • a set of stems as Flora or StemTraits,
  • a set of allometry values for those stems as a StemAllometry instance, and
  • an array of vertical heights, and
  • returns an object with attributes for crown radii and projected area values.
• Update the naming of attributes and code to use crown systematically when referring to individual stem predictions, retaining canopy for the community wide combination of multiple stems in the Canopy class.
• Relocates two functions from canopy_functions.py to flora.py - these calculate PFT traits (and in fact flora.py would be better as traits.py) and moving them avoids circular imports.
  • calculate_(canopy/crown)_q_m
  • calculate_(canopy/crown)_z_max_proportion
• Relocates two functions from canopy_functions.py to t_model_functions.py - these calculate scaling allometries like the other functions in this module and moving them avoids circular imports.
  • calculate_(canopy/crown)_z_max
  • calculate_(canopy/crown)_r0
• Adds a simple high level test that CrownProfile makes the same predictions as more detailed tests using the underlying functions.

Fixes #309

Type of change

• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Optimization (back-end change that speeds up the code)
• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)

Key checklist

• Make sure you've run the pre-commit checks: $ pre-commit run -a
• All tests pass: $ poetry run pytest

Further checks

• Code is commented, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• [] Tests added that prove fix is effective or that feature works

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 95.87%. Comparing base (29c49f8) to head (502968d).

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop     #311      +/-   ##
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+ Coverage    95.84%   95.87%   +0.03%     
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  Files           34       34              
  Lines         2404     2427      +23     
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+ Hits          2304     2327      +23     
  Misses         100      100              

Flag	Coverage Δ
	95.87% <100.00%> (+0.03%)	⬆️

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[davidorme]

@MarionBWeinzierl I've renamed those files as suggested and updated the references in docs and code.

[j-emberton]

LGTM. Thanks for fixing the docstrings.