hexarray & hexdump

src/ds/d500/d500-factory.cpp

@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@
 #include "firmware_logger_device.h"
 #include "device-calibration.h"
 
+#include <rsutils/string/hexdump.h>
+using rsutils::string::hexdump;
+
+
 namespace librealsense
 {
 
@@ -115,8 +119,7 @@ class d555e_device
             return std::make_shared< d555e_device >( dev_info );
 
         default:
-            throw std::runtime_error( rsutils::string::from() << "Unsupported D500 model! 0x" << std::hex
-                                                              << std::setw( 4 ) << std::setfill( '0' ) << (int)pid );
+            throw std::runtime_error( rsutils::string::from() << "unsupported D500 PID 0x" << hexdump( pid ) );
         }
     }
 

third-party/realdds/doc/control.md

@@ -114,19 +114,44 @@ A [disconnection event](discovery.md#disconnection) can be expected if the reply
 
 Can be used to send internal commands to the hardware and may brick the device if used. May or may not be implemented, and is not documented.
 
-* `opcode` (string) is suggested
+* `opcode` (string) is suggested, but optional
+* `data` is required
+
+It is up to the server to validate and make sure everything is as expected.
 
-Plus any additional fields necessary. It is up to the server to validate and make sure everything is as expected.
 
 ```JSON
 {
     "id": "hwm",
-    "opcode": "WWD",
-    "data": ["kaboom"]
+    "data": "1400abcd1000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
 }
 ```
 
-A reply can be expected. Attaching the control is recommended so it's clear what was done.
+The above is a `GVD` HWM command.
+
+A reply can be expected. Attaching the control is recommended so it's clear what was done. The reply `data` should be preset:
+
+```JSON
+{
+    "id": "hwm",
+    "sample": ["010f9a5f64d95fd300000000.403", 1],
+    "control": {
+        "id": "hwm",
+        "data": "1400abcd1000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
+        },
+    "data": "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"
+}
+```
+
+#### `hexarray` type
+
+A `hexarray` is a special encoding for a `bytearray`, or array of bytes, in JSON.
+
+Rather than representing as `[0,100,2,255]`, a `hexarray` is instead represented as a string `"006402ff"` which is a hexadecimal representation of all the consecutive bytes, from index 0 onwards.
+
+* Only lower-case alphabetical letters are used (`[0-9a-f]`)
+* The length must be even (2 hex digits per byte)
+* The first hex pair is for the first byte, the second hex pair for the second, onwards
 
 
 ### `dfu-start` and `dfu-apply`

third-party/rsutils/include/rsutils/string/hexarray.h

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// License: Apache 2.0. See LICENSE file in root directory.
+// Copyright(c) 2023 Intel Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <nlohmann/json_fwd.hpp>
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <iosfwd>
+
+
+namespace rsutils {
+namespace string {
+
+
+class slice;
+
+
+// If a 'bytearray' is an array of bytes, then an array of hex representations is a 'hexarray'.
+// 
+// An object wrapping a vector of bytes, for writing to/reading from either ostream or json. With ostream, usage is
+// standard via operator<<. For json, the type should be implicitly compatible with the various json::get<> variants
+// through the to_json() and from_json() functions provided below.
+// 
+// The representation is like a hexdump, but here we go in both directions: either to-hex or from-hex.
+// 
+// Since we represent data that needs to be returned, we cannot simply refer to an existing set of bytes (like hexdump,
+// for example) and instead must own it. Construction is always through moves to avoid implicit data copies. Static
+// functions for to_string() and to_stream() are provided to deal with such data that cannot be moved.
+//
+class hexarray
+{
+    typedef std::vector< uint8_t > bytes;
+
+private:
+    bytes _bytes;
+
+    friend void from_json( nlohmann::json const &, hexarray & );
+
+public:
+    hexarray() = default;
+    hexarray( hexarray && hexa ) = default;
+    hexarray( bytes && bytearray )
+        : _bytes( std::move( bytearray ) )
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Only lower-case hex is understood: any non-lower-case hex characters will throw
+    static hexarray from_string( slice const & );
+
+    hexarray & operator=( hexarray && ) = default;
+
+    bytes detach() { return std::move( _bytes ); }
+    bytes const & get_bytes() const { return _bytes; }
+
+    bool empty() const { return _bytes.empty(); }
+    void clear() { _bytes.clear(); }
+
+    std::string to_string() const { return to_string( _bytes ); }
+    static std::string to_string( bytes const & );
+
+    static std::ostream & to_stream( std::ostream &, bytes const & );
+};
+
+
+inline std::ostream & operator<<( std::ostream & os, hexarray const & hexa )
+{
+    return hexa.to_stream( os, hexa.get_bytes() );
+}
+
+
+// Allow j["key"] = hexarray( bytes );
+void to_json( nlohmann::json &, const hexarray & );
+// Allow j.get< hexarray >();
+void from_json( nlohmann::json const &, hexarray & );
+// See https://github.com/nlohmann/json#arbitrary-types-conversions
+
+
+}  // namespace string
+}  // namespace rsutils

third-party/rsutils/include/rsutils/string/hexdump.h

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+// License: Apache 2.0. See LICENSE file in root directory.
+// Copyright(c) 2023 Intel Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <iosfwd>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+
+namespace rsutils {
+namespace string {
+
+
+// Allow easy dumping of memory contents into a stream, so easily stringified
+// 
+// E.g.:
+//     std::ostringstream ss;
+//     ss << hexdump( this );  // output pointer to this object as a hex value
+//
+struct hexdump
+{
+    uint8_t const * const _data;
+    size_t const _cb;
+
+    size_t _max_bytes = 0;  // no more than this number of bytes (extra will print "..."; 0=no max)
+    size_t _gap = 0;        // pad with spaces every <gap> bytes (0=no gap)
+    char _gap_character = ' ';
+    bool _big_endian = false;
+
+    // Manual ctor for custom memory layout
+    hexdump( uint8_t const * data, size_t len )
+        : _data( data )
+        , _cb( len )
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Simplify usage with any type buffer, to avoid having to cast on the outside
+    template< class T >
+    hexdump( T const * pt, size_t len )
+        : hexdump( reinterpret_cast< uint8_t const * >( pt ), sizeof( T ) )
+    {
+    }
+
+
+    // Non-buffer usage would take the form of:
+    //      hexdump( t )  // no length
+    // These are easy to translate into a buffer.
+    // However, if 't' is some human-legible type (integral, pointer), we make it so the values show big-endian:
+    //      if i=0x01020304
+    //      hexdump( &i, sizeof( i )) would give little-endian 04030201 <- not readable
+    //      so hexdump( i ) should give 01020304
+
+    template< typename T, typename = void >
+    struct show_in_big_endian
+    {
+        static const bool value = false;
+    };
+    template< typename T >
+    struct show_in_big_endian< T, std::enable_if_t< std::is_integral< T >::value || std::is_pointer< T >::value > >
+    {
+        static const bool value = true;
+    };
+
+    // Single-value dump: BIG-endian if integral or pointer; otherwise little-endian
+    template< class T >
+    hexdump( T const & t )
+        : hexdump( &t, sizeof( T ) )
+    {
+        _big_endian = show_in_big_endian< T >::value;
+    }
+
+
+    // Allow no more than this number of bytes out. If 0 (default), there is no maximum.
+    // Anything past the max bytes will cause a '...' to be appended.
+    //
+    // E.g.:
+    //      ss << hexdump( buffer, 100 ).max_bytes( 2 );
+    // Will stream:
+    //      0001...
+    //
+    hexdump & max_bytes( size_t cb )
+    {
+        _max_bytes = cb;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // Automatically insert a gap character (default ' ') every <gap> bytes, or none if 0.
+    //
+    // E.g.:
+    //      ss << hexdump( int32_var ).gap( 2 );
+    // Will stream:
+    //      0001 0203
+    //
+    hexdump & gap( size_t cb, char character = ' ' )
+    {
+        _gap = cb;
+        _gap_character = character;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    struct _format
+    {
+        hexdump & _h;
+        char const * _fmt;
+    };
+
+    // Allow custom formatting of the memory buffer.
+    //
+    // E.g.:
+    //      ss << hexdump( vec.data(), vec.size() ).format( "two: {2} four: {4} two: {2}" );
+    // Will stream the first 6 bytes:
+    //      two: 0102 four: 03040506 two: 0708
+    // 
+    // Syntax:
+    //      {#}            Output # bytes consecutively
+    //      {0#}           Output # bytes, but with leading 0's removed (implies big-endian)
+    //      {-[0]#}        Output # bytes, but in reverse (big-endian) order
+    //      {#i}           Interpret # bytes as a signed integral value, and output decimal value
+    //      {#u}           Interpret # bytes as an unsigned integral value, and output decimal value
+    //      {#f}           Interpret # bytes as a floating point value (4f=float; 8f=double)
+    //      {+#}           Skip # bytes
+    //      \{             Output '{' (or any character following the '\')
+    //      {repeat:#}     Start a repeat sequence that repeats # times (default is 0: as many times as buffer allows)
+    //      {:}            End the current sequence and repeat it as necessary
+    //      {:?}           Same, but add '...' if there are still more bytes
+    //      {:?<text>}     Same, but add <text> if there are still more bytes
+    //          E.g., a simple implementation of a gap:
+    //              ss << hexdump(...).format( "data[{2}{repeat:} {2}{:?}]" );
+    //
+    inline _format format( char const * fmt )
+    {
+        return _format{ *this, fmt };
+    }
+};
+
+std::ostream & operator<<( std::ostream & os, hexdump const & );
+std::ostream & operator<<( std::ostream & os, hexdump::_format const & );
+
+
+}  // namespace string
+}  // namespace rsutils

third-party/rsutils/src/hexarray.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// License: Apache 2.0. See LICENSE file in root directory.
+// Copyright(c) 2023 Intel Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
+
+#include <rsutils/string/hexarray.h>
+#include <rsutils/string/from.h>
+#include <rsutils/string/slice.h>
+#include <rsutils/string/hexdump.h>
+
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+
+
+namespace rsutils {
+namespace string {
+
+
+/*static*/ std::string hexarray::to_string( bytes const & bytearray )
+{
+    return rsutils::string::from() << hexdump( bytearray.data(), bytearray.size() );
+}
+
+
+/*static*/ std::ostream & hexarray::to_stream( std::ostream & os, bytes const & bytearray )
+{
+    return os << hexdump( bytearray.data(), bytearray.size() );
+}
+
+
+void to_json( nlohmann::json & j, const hexarray & hexa )
+{
+    j = hexa.to_string();
+}
+
+
+void from_json( nlohmann::json const & j, hexarray & hexa )
+{
+    if( j.is_array() )
+    {
+        hexa._bytes.resize( j.size() );
+        std::transform( j.begin(), j.end(), std::begin( hexa._bytes ),
+                        []( nlohmann::json const & elem )
+                        {
+                            if( ! elem.is_number_unsigned() )
+                                throw nlohmann::json::type_error::create( 302, "array value not an unsigned integer", &elem );
+                            auto v = elem.template get< uint64_t >();
+                            if( v > 255 )
+                                throw nlohmann::json::out_of_range::create( 401, "array value out of range", &elem );
+                            return uint8_t( v );
+                        } );
+    }
+    else if( j.is_string() )
+        hexa = hexarray::from_string( j.get< std::string >() );
+    else
+        throw nlohmann::json::type_error::create( 317, "hexarray should be a string", &j );
+}
+
+
+hexarray hexarray::from_string( slice const & s )
+{
+    if( s.length() % 2 != 0 )
+        throw std::runtime_error( "odd length" );
+    char const * pch = s.begin();
+    hexarray hexa;
+    hexa._bytes.resize( s.length() / 2 );
+    uint8_t * pb = hexa._bytes.data();
+    while( pch < s.end() )
+    {
+        if( *pch >= '0' && *pch <= '9' )
+            *pb = ( *pch - '0' ) << 4;
+        else if( *pch >= 'a' && *pch <= 'f' )
+            *pb = ( *pch - 'a' + 10 ) << 4;
+        else
+            throw std::runtime_error( "invalid character" );
+
+        ++pch;
+        if( *pch >= '0' && *pch <= '9' )
+            *pb += ( *pch - '0' );
+        else if( *pch >= 'a' && *pch <= 'f' )
+            *pb += ( *pch - 'a' + 10 );
+        else
+            throw std::runtime_error( "invalid character" );
+        ++pch;
+
+        ++pb;
+    }
+    return hexa;
+}
+
+
+}  // namespace string
+}  // namespace rsutils